Expression of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein in radiation-induced lung injury model / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) in a radiation-induced lung injury model. Methods Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided by body weight into control group (no intervention) and model group (single chest X-ray irradiation with a dose of 20 Gy to build a radiation-induced lung injury model). The mice were dissected five weeks after irradiation. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of the lung tissue and the deposition of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of the inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the lung tissue. qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression of CIRBP mRNA in the lung tissue. The expression of CIRBP protein in the lung tissue was determined by the immunofluorescence assay and Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the model group showed significant pulmonary vascular congestion, significant inflammatory cell infiltration, significant thickening of some alveolar septa, significantly increased IL-6 expression [(129.41 ± 5.58) vs (187.22 ± 34.77), t = 3.179, P < 0.05], significantly increased TNF-α expression [(137.52 ± 23.53) vs (187.02 ± 19.16), t = 5.069, P < 0.05], significantly increased CIRBP mRNA expression [(1 ± 0.08) vs (1.97 ± 0.39), t = 3.45, P < 0.05], and significantly increased CIRBP protein expression [(9.32 ± 1.26) vs (14.76 ± 1.61), t = 3.751, P < 0.05], by the immunofluorescence assay; [(1.13 ± 0.17) vs (1.49 ± 0.14), t = 2.819, P < 0.05], by Western blot). Conclusion The expression of CIRBP is significantly increased in the radiation-induced lung injury model, which may be an important pro-inflammatory factor in radiation-induced lung injury.

Characteristics and management of peripancreatic effusion in chronic pancreatitis / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To study the characteristics and management of peripancreatic effusion in chronic pancreatitis.Methods:Data of 32 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 141 acute pancreatitis admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2018 to December 2019 were collected. According to the Atlanta classification, the peripancreatic effusion was divided into four categories: acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC), acute necrotic collection(ANC), pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC) and walled-off necrosis (WON). The general information, clinical manifestations, medical history, laboratory examination indicators and treatment of the four types of patients were recorded and analyzed.Results:Among the 32 patients with chronic pancreatitis complicated with peripancreatic effusion, 27 patients (84.4%) were diagnosed as having PPC, 3 patients (9.4%) WON and 2 (6.2%) APFC. No chronic pancreatitis with ANC was found. The incidence of PPC was higher in patients with chronic pancreatitis than those with acute pancreatitis [84.4% (27/32) VS 31.2% (44/141), P<0.01], and the APFC was lower [6.2% (2/32) VS 24.8% (35/141), P=0.021]. The incidence of ANC was also lower [0.0% (0/32) VS 36.9% (52/141), P<0.01], and there was no significant difference in the incidence of WON [9.4% (3/32) VS 7.1% (10/141), P=0.944]. Compared with patients with peripancreatic effusion of chronic pancreatitis, acute pancreatitis showed a higher proportion of clinical manifestations: fever [19.1% (27/141) VS 3.1% (1/32)], nausea [59.6% (84/141) VS 21.9% (7/32)], vomit [56.7% (80/141) VS 21.9% (7/32)], tenderness [79.4% (112/141) VS 34.4% (11/32)], rebounding pain [42.6% (60/141) VS 0.0% (0/32)], increase of C reactive protein [95.7% (135/141) VS 40.6% (13/32)] ( P< 0.05), and the mean hospital stay was longer (13 days VS 11 days, P=0.048). Imaging examination showed that the proportion of lesions >5 cm in diameter in PPC patients with acute pancreatitis was higher than those with chronic pancreatitis [70.5% (31/44) VS 29.6% (8/27), P=0.001]. WON in chronic pancreatitis patients was limited to the pancreas [3/3 VS 1/10, P =0.014]. In terms of treatment strategies, 25 patients (78.1%) received conservative treatment in 32 chronic pancreatitis. There was no significant difference in treatment strategy between patients with acute pancreatitis and those with chronic pancreatitis. Conclusion:In the peripancreatic effusion of chronic pancreatitis, PPC is the most common. Peripancreatic effusion is mainly treated conservatively. There is no difference in treatment among different types of peripancreatic effusion in chronic pancreatitis. However, compared with chronic pancreatitis, peripancreatic effusion in acute pancreatitis may need more active intervention.

Inhibition of CD96 enhances interferon-γ secretion by natural killer cells to alleviate lung injury in mice with pulmonary infection / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the effect of neutralizing CD96 on natural killer (NK) cell functions in mice with pulmonary infection and explore the possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into infection group (Cm group), anti-CD96 treatment group (anti-CD96 group) and control group (=5). In the former two groups, was inoculated intranasal administration to establish mouse models of pulmonary infection, and the mice in the control group received intranasal administration of the inhalation buffer. In anti-CD96 group, the mice were injected with anti-CD96 antibody intraperitoneally at the dose of 250 μg every 3 days after the infection; the mice in Cm group received intraperitoneal injections of saline. The body weight of the mice was recorded daily. The mice were sacrificed 5 days after infection, and CD96 expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. HE staining and pathological scores were used to evaluate pneumonia of the mice. The inclusion body forming units (IFUs) were detected in the lung tissue homogenates to assess lung tissue chlamydia load. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to assess the capacity of the lung NK cells to produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and regulate macrophages and Th1 cells.@*RESULTS@# infection inhibited CD96 expression in NK cells of the mice. Compared with those in Cm group, the mice in antiCD96 mice showed significantly milder lung inflammation ( < 0.05) and reduced chlamydia load in the lung tissue ( < 0.05). Neutralizing CD96 with anti-CD96 significantly enhanced IFN-γ secretion by the NK cells ( < 0.05) and augmented the immunoregulatory effect of the NK cells shown by enhanced responses of the lung macrophages ( < 0.05) and Th1 cells ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Inhibition of CD96 alleviates pneumonia in -infected mice possibly by enhancing IFN-γ secretion by NK cells and augmenting the immunoregulatory effect of the NK cells on innate and adaptive immunity.

Inhibition of CD96 enhances interferon-γ secretion by natural killer cells to alleviate lung injury in mice with pulmonary infection / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the effect of neutralizing CD96 on natural killer (NK) cell functions in mice with pulmonary infection and explore the possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into infection group (Cm group), anti-CD96 treatment group (anti-CD96 group) and control group (=5). In the former two groups, was inoculated intranasal administration to establish mouse models of pulmonary infection, and the mice in the control group received intranasal administration of the inhalation buffer. In anti-CD96 group, the mice were injected with anti-CD96 antibody intraperitoneally at the dose of 250 μg every 3 days after the infection; the mice in Cm group received intraperitoneal injections of saline. The body weight of the mice was recorded daily. The mice were sacrificed 5 days after infection, and CD96 expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. HE staining and pathological scores were used to evaluate pneumonia of the mice. The inclusion body forming units (IFUs) were detected in the lung tissue homogenates to assess lung tissue chlamydia load. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to assess the capacity of the lung NK cells to produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and regulate macrophages and Th1 cells.@*RESULTS@# infection inhibited CD96 expression in NK cells of the mice. Compared with those in Cm group, the mice in antiCD96 mice showed significantly milder lung inflammation ( < 0.05) and reduced chlamydia load in the lung tissue ( < 0.05). Neutralizing CD96 with anti-CD96 significantly enhanced IFN-γ secretion by the NK cells ( < 0.05) and augmented the immunoregulatory effect of the NK cells shown by enhanced responses of the lung macrophages ( < 0.05) and Th1 cells ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Inhibition of CD96 alleviates pneumonia in -infected mice possibly by enhancing IFN-γ secretion by NK cells and augmenting the immunoregulatory effect of the NK cells on innate and adaptive immunity.

Effects of 5-HT1A receptor in hippocampal dentate gyrus on anxiety-related behavior of adult rats with Parkinson's disease / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To study the effects of 5-HT1A receptor in hippocampal dentate gyrus on anxiety behavior of adult rats with Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods PD model in rats was constructed by using 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to lesion the medial forebrain bundle (MFB).In lesioned rats and sham-operated rats,we examined the changes of the number of TFH-positive neurons in the SNc and VTA.We also examined how 5-HT1A receptor of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) modulates the anxiety-related behavior using open field test and elevated plus-maze test,and examined monoamine neurotransmitter changes in the striatum,medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC),amygdale and ventral hippocampus using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.Results In 6-OHDA-lesioned rats,the SNc of the injected side showed a total loss of TH-ir neurons compared with the unlesioned side,and the number of TH-ir neurons in the VTA on the lesioned side decreased significantly to (34± 2)％.The locomotor activity in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats decreased compared with that in sham-operated rats.Unilaterally lesioning the MFB decreased the percentage of time spent in the center in the open-field test and percentages of open arm entries and open arm time of elevated plus maze test when compared with sham-operated rats.In the sham-operated rats,intra-DG injection of 8-OH-DPAT did not affect anxiety-like behavior.In 6-OHDA-lesioned rats,intra-DG injection of 8-OH-DPAT significantly increased the percentage of time spent in the center at a dose of 100 ng and 500 ng when compared with saline injection into the DG.Injection of WAY-100635 did not affect rats in the two groups.Unilateral 6-OHDA lesions of the MFB in rats significantly decreased DA levels in the ipsilateral striatum,mPFC,amygdale and ventral hippocampus compared with those in sham-operated rats,but had no effect on 5-HT or NA levels in those structures.Conclusion Unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the MFB not only totally damaged DA neurons in SNc and partly damaged DA neurons in VTA,but also decreased DA level in the ipsilateral striatum,mPFC,amygdale and ventral hippocampus.Unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the MFB induces anxiety-related behavior,and activation of 5-HT1A receptor in the hippocampal dentate gyrus has anxiolytic effect in the rat model of Parkinson's disease.

Clinical summary of 3 265 cases of cystic duct variation in laparoscopic cholecystectomy / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To make a clinical summary of the variation of cystic duct so as to collect 20 years of operative experience and to provide evidence for preventing injury of bile duct in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods A retrospective analysis were made for 20 000 patients experienced laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the second affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university and Chonggang General Hospital from April,1993 to December,2011. Results There were 3 265 cases of cystic duct variation which occupied 16. 33% of the 20 000 patients. And there were 3 200 cases of variation in the junction of cystic duct, 51 cases of short cystic duct;and 14 cases of gall-bladder surrounded by the liver. Most of the variation were found in the junction of cystic duct, including 371 cases (11. 36%) of cystic duct accompanied the common hepatic duct and then made a lower confluence;995 cases (30. 47%) of cystic duct traversed above the com-mon hepatic duct and then made a confluence, 643 cases (19. 69%) of cystic duct traversed below the common hepatic duct and then made a confluence;963 cases (29. 49%) of gallbladder neck attached to the common bile duct;and 228 cases (6. 98%) of higher confluence of cystic duct and common bile duct. Conclusion The rate of cystic duct variation accounted for a high rate, and most of the patients were found with a variation in the junction of cystic duct. Being familiar with the categories of cystic duct, discriminating the anatomic structure carefully, using choledochoscopic examination when necessary, and masterting reasonable time to make a transfer to laparocholecystotomy were reliable methods for coping with the injury of bile duct caused by variation of cystic duct.

Gemcitabine plus S-1 versus gemcitabine alone in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer: a Meta-analysis / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To compare the gemcitabine (GEM) plus S-1 and gemcitabine alone in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer (PC) by meta-analysis.Methods Articles were searched in PubMed,Cochrane library,Embase,CNKI,and CBM up to August 1st,2013.Only randomized controlled trails (RCTs) for GEM + S-1 and GEM alone in advanced PC were included.Two reviewers retrieved and collected data respectively.Data were selected basing on inclusion and exclusion criteria.The meta-analysis was base on survival advantage (include overall survival and progress free survival),object response rate,disease control rate and adverse reaction.Results A total of 3 trials with 772 cases were included.Meta-analysis demonstrated that GEM plus S-1 significantly improved the progress free survival (HR:0.64,95％CI:0.54-0.75,P ＜ 0.000 01) and overall survival (HR:0.81,95％CI:0.68-0.96,P =0.01),improved object response rate (RD:0.16,95％ CI:0.10-0.21,P ＜ 0.000 01) and disease control rate (RD:0.10,95％ CI:0.03-0.17,P =0.009) also.However,the incidence of WHO 3/4 grade adverse reaction was increased significantly in the GEM + S-1 group.Neutropenia,thrombocytopenia,and gastrointestinal reaction were increased by 18％ (P =0.02),18％ (P =0.008) and 8％ (P ＜ 0.000 01)respectively.Conclusion GEM combined with S-1 can improve the chemotherapy effect compared with GEM alone.The adverse reactions also increase significantly,but the overall survival is benefit.

Application of network pharmacology and high through-put technology on active compounds screening from traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To solve the difficult in the active compounds screening from traditional Chinese medicines (TCM).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>According to preliminary lab results and related literature, systematic analysis of the high-throughput technology was made.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Technologies of rapid preparation, high-throughput screening and biochip, together with the thought of drug target network, will contribute to TCM research on active ingredients screening, toxic components exclusion and molecular mechanisms. They are key technologies and ideas for modernization of TCM and research of TCM network pharmacology.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High throughput technology and network pharmacology-related technologies will provide new ideas and key methods for active compounds screening from TCM.</p>

Present Status and Prospects of Biotechnology Drug Market in the World / 中国药房

Rapid development of biotechnology necessarily brings about a revolutionary change in drug production. It is estimated that the annual sales of biotechnology drugs will reach 50 billion dollars in 2000. The pharmaceutical factories in USA, Japan and West-European Countries focus their attention on biotechnology drugs. Now, human somatotropin, human insulin and erythropoetin produced by r-DNA technic have occupied an important place in drug market. We believe that the 21st century will be a new era of biotechnology drugs.

The Present Status of Antituberculotic Drug Markets and Development of the New Varieties of Antituberculotic in China / 中国药房

In the whole world, about 10 millions people suffer from pulmonary tuberculosis each year, of them, three millions died of this disease. At present, there are 5～6 million patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis in China. The spread of AIDS results in increase of TB patients. This article emphatically describes the present status of antituberculotie drug markets and the development of the new varieties of antituberculotic in China.

The Present and the Future of Drug Markets in the World / 中国药房

At present the annual sales of drugs in the world are over 100 billion dollars. America, Japan and West-Europe are the three large pharmaceutical markets. In the past ten years, cephalosporins are the most important antibiotics. Fluoroquinolone products have been developed rapidly in recent years. The sales of cardiovascular drugs occupy the first position in drug markets. ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists are considered as a big breakthrough. The sale amount of H_2-antagonist, ranitidine is reported in the lead. In the future, OTC products and biotechnological preparations will increase share in the world drug markets.